The radiologist was out-of-network. Alex didn't choose him. Federal law said so.
Alex, 37, broke his wrist and went to his in-network hospital for X-rays and a cast. His hospital bill came and went — manageable. Then a second bill arrived: $3,800 from "Southwest Radiology Associates" for "interpretation of radiological images."
Alex had never met a radiologist. He didn't even know one had been involved. The person who read his X-rays worked for a separate group that his hospital had contracted — and that group was out-of-network.
"I went to an in-network hospital. I didn't hire a radiologist. I didn't know radiologists read images separately. Why am I getting a bill for $3,800 from someone I've never even spoken to?"
Alex called Southwest Radiology. They said the bill was correct and he was responsible. He almost gave up.
Under the No Surprises Act, out-of-network providers at in-network facilities — including radiologists, anesthesiologists, and pathologists — cannot charge patients more than in-network cost-sharing rates for most services. This is a federal law violation when they do.
A phone call asking a billing department to lower a bill is informal. A written dispute letter citing the specific law creates a legal paper trail, requires a formal written response, and makes clear you know your rights. Providers respond very differently to written disputes than to phone calls.
$3,800 became $420 — Alex's in-network cost-sharing for radiology under his plan. The dispute letter cited one law. The letter took 8 minutes to generate. The certified mail cost $4.85.